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Major-General Herman James Shelley Landon, , (23 August 185916 October 1948), was a British Army officer. During the Boer War he commanded a battalion, and was promoted in the interwar period to take command of a brigade in the British Expeditionary Force. He commanded the brigade during the early fighting on the Western Front in the First World War, and succeeded to the command of 1st Infantry Division when his commanding officer was killed at the First Battle of Ypres; he later commanded four more New Army divisions during the war.〔 ==Early career== Herman Landon was born in August 1859, the son of James Landon and Mary Maria Landon;〔Baptismal record, 16 February 1860. From ''Christ Church, Lancaster Gate: Register of baptisms'' (London Metropolitan Archives, P87/CTC, Item 001), p. 24, entry no. 192〕 he had one elder sister, Leititia, and a substantially older stepsister, Geraldine Leigh. The family was comfortably well off, living in the respectable area of Paddington, London.〔1861 English census. (Class: RG9; Piece: 12; Folio: 6; Page: 16; GSU roll: 542556.)〕 James Landon was an Indian cotton merchant;〔 though predominantly involved in growing rather than processing, he had been responsible for setting up one of the first successful cotton mills in India, at Bharuch in Gujarat, in 1854. Later in the decade he advised Ranchhodlal Chhotalal on the development of a similar mill in Ahmedabad. He died in March 1879, leaving a substantial estate of eight to nine thousand pounds.〔Entry for James Landon (d. 1879) in the ''Calendar of the Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Probate Registries of the High Court of Justice in England'', 1881.〕 Herman Landon was educated at Harrow from 1874 to 1876, leaving just before his seventeenth birthday. He later attended the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, passing out in 1879 and taking a commission in the 6th Regiment of Foot. He served in the Sudan in 1898, where he saw action at the Battle of Atbara and the Battle of Omdurman, and was mentioned in despatches.〔Who Was Who.〕 He returned to Africa in 1900, in the Boer War, where he took temporary command of his battalion, the 2nd Royal Warwickshire Regiment, from March to November. For this service, he was again mentioned in despatches, as well as being given a brevet promotion to lieutenant colonel.〔''The Times'' obituary〕 He then was sent to India, where he joined the 1st Battalion of the Royal Warwickshires, and in 1902 was promoted to substantive lieutenant colonel, and given command of the battalion. He remained in command until 1906, receiving a brevet promotion to colonel in 1904. From February to October 1906 he was on half-pay, and in October was appointed Inspector of Gymnasia in India. In 1907, he was promoted substantive colonel.〔 He returned to an active command in 1910, when he was made a Brigadier-General and given command of 3rd Brigade.〔 He married Christian Sharp in 1903, and they had one daughter.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Herman Landon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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